Laparoscopy

When fertility tests show normal results but pregnancy still isn’t happening, your doctor might recommend laparoscopy. This minimally invasive procedure can reveal hidden issues that ultrasounds and blood tests miss. More importantly, it often fixes these problems during the same surgery.

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What Is Laparoscopy Surgery?

Laparoscopy is keyhole surgery that lets your doctor examine and treat your reproductive organs without large incisions. Instead of cutting you open, the surgeon makes 3-5 tiny cuts in your abdomen, each about the size of a small button.

A laparoscope, a thin tube with a high-resolution camera, goes through one incision. This camera sends live images to a monitor, giving your surgeon a clear view of your uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Additional small instruments pass through the other incisions to perform any necessary treatment.

The entire procedure happens while you’re under general anesthesia, so you won’t feel anything. Most patients go home the same day.

Purpose: Why Laparoscopy Matters for Fertility

Laparoscopy serves two critical purposes in fertility treatment:

Diagnosis. Some conditions don’t show up clearly on standard tests. Laparoscopy provides direct visualization, revealing problems that explain unexplained infertility.

Treatment. When the surgeon spots an issue, they can often correct it immediately. No second surgery. No additional recovery period.

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Common fertility issues laparoscopy identifies and treats include:

Endometriosis happens when tissue similar to your uterine lining grows outside the uterus. This causes inflammation, scarring, and blocked tubes. Laparoscopy removes these lesions, reducing pain and improving fertility.

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that sometimes interfere with ovulation or cause severe discomfort. Laparoscopic cystectomy removes the cyst while preserving healthy ovarian tissue.

Fibroids are muscle growths in or on the uterus. When they distort the uterine cavity or block the tubes, laparoscopic removal restores normal anatomy.

Pelvic adhesions are bands of scar tissue from previous infections or surgeries. They can wrap around tubes and ovaries, preventing eggs from being captured. Adhesiolysis frees these structures.

Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes prevent sperm from reaching eggs or embryos from reaching the uterus. Laparoscopy can sometimes repair tube damage, though IVF often becomes the better option for severe blockage.

Hydrosalpinx is a fluid-filled, blocked fallopian tube that significantly reduces IVF success rates. Removing or disconnecting the tube before IVF dramatically improves pregnancy chances.

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The Laparoscopy Procedure: What Actually Happens

Understanding the steps helps reduce anxiety:

Before surgery: You’ll fast for 8 hours. The anesthesiologist reviews your medical history. You change into a surgical gown and an IV line is placed.

During surgery: Once you’re asleep under general anesthesia, the surgeon makes the small incisions. Carbon dioxide gas inflates your abdomen, creating space to see and work. The laparoscope goes in, and your surgeon examines everything systematically. If problems are found, surgical instruments are inserted through the other incisions to treat them. The entire procedure takes 30 minutes to 2 hours depending on what’s discovered and treated.

After surgery: You wake up in recovery. The gas used during surgery can cause temporary shoulder pain as it absorbs—this is completely normal. Mild cramping and bloating are common. Most patients rest for a few hours and then go home with pain medication.

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Recovery and What to Expect

Recovery from laparoscopy surgery is remarkably quick compared to traditional surgery:

First 24 hours: Rest at home. Mild pain at incision sites is normal. The shoulder discomfort from residual gas typically peaks on day one and then improves. Take prescribed pain medication as needed.

Days 2-5: Most women return to light activities and work within 2-3 days. Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise. The tiny incisions will be covered with small bandages or surgical tape.

Week 2: You can usually resume normal activities, including exercise. Avoid intercourse until your follow-up appointment, typically 1-2 weeks post-surgery.

Planning pregnancy: If the surgery was diagnostic only, you might try conceiving immediately after healing. If significant treatment occurred (like removing endometriosis or repairing tubes), your doctor may recommend waiting 1-2 menstrual cycles before attempting pregnancy or starting IVF.

Complications are rare. Infection occurs in less than 2% of cases. Serious complications like organ injury are extremely uncommon when performed by experienced surgeons.

Benefits of Laparoscopy Surgery

The advantages over traditional open surgery are substantial:

Minimal scarring. The tiny incisions leave barely visible marks that fade over time.

Less pain. Smaller cuts mean less tissue trauma and faster healing.

Shorter recovery. You’re back to normal activities within days, not weeks.

Same-day discharge. No extended hospital stay required in most cases.

Dual purpose. Diagnosis and treatment happen simultaneously, eliminating the need for multiple procedures.

Better IVF outcomes. Treating conditions like endometriosis or hydrosalpinx before IVF significantly improves success rates.

Natural conception possibility. For some patients, laparoscopy resolves the fertility issue entirely, making natural pregnancy possible without further treatment.

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Treatment Cost of Laparoscopy

The cost varies based on whether it’s diagnostic only or includes operative treatment:

Diagnostic laparoscopy: Rs. 30,000 to 60,000 in most facilities. This covers the examination without extensive treatment.

Operative laparoscopy: Rs. 50,000 to 1,50,000 depending on complexity. Simple procedures like cyst removal cost less than extensive endometriosis excision or adhesiolysis.

Treatment cost typically includes:

1. Pre-operative testing
2. Surgeon and anesthesiologist fees
3. Operating room charges
4. Post-operative medications
5. One follow-up visit

Additional factors affecting cost:

1. Hospital reputation and location
2. Surgeon expertise and experience
3. Type and extent of treatment required
4. Whether you need hospitalization beyond same-day discharge

Always confirm what’s included in the quoted price. Some facilities bundle everything, while others charge separately for tests, medications, and follow-up visits.

Is Laparoscopy Right for You?

Not everyone needs laparoscopy. Your doctor might recommend it if:

1. You have unexplained infertility after normal test results
2. Imaging suggests endometriosis, fibroids, or ovarian cysts
3. You’ve experienced multiple IVF failures
4. You have severe pelvic pain alongside infertility
5. Previous pelvic surgeries or infections raise concern about adhesions
6. An HSG showed possible tubal issues requiring direct visualization

Laparoscopy provides answers when other tests can’t. For many couples, it’s the missing piece that explains why pregnancy hasn’t happened and provides the treatment needed to move forward, whether that’s natural conception or optimized conditions for successful IVF.

To know more Call 8448841271 or email us at info@ekmifertility.com